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HENRY MOORE BORN:

July 30, 1898

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English sculptor Henry Moore is born in Castleford, Yorkshire, on July 30, 1898. The son of a coal miner, he overcame early criticism of his work to become one of the most acclaimed sculptors of the 20th century. His majestic, semi-abstract sculptures of the human figure are characterized by their smooth, organic shape and often include empty hollows that evoke form as meaningfully as solid mass.

The seventh of eight children, Moore grew up in the small coal-mining town of Castleford in northern England. His father was an ambitious man who taught himself advanced mathematics in order to rise from ordinary miner to the position of mining engineer. Moore decided he wanted to become a sculptor at age 11, after hearing a Sunday school story about Michelangelo. He served in France during World War I and in 1917 was injured in a gas attack. After being demobilized in 1919, he won a veteran's grant to study at the Leeds School of Art in West Yorkshire. In 1921, he was awarded a scholarship to study at the Royal College of Art in London.

At London's libraries and museums, he studied Egyptian, Etruscan, Pre-Columbian, Oceanic, and African sculpture, and he brought the vital spirit of this artwork into his early sculpture. This effort was often ridiculed by his instructors, and in his first year at the Royal College one of his teachers remarked, "this young man has been feeding on garbage." He was also deeply influenced by the semi-abstract paintings of Paul Cýzanne, such as the Large Bathers (1900-1905), which shows monumental reclining nudes integrated into an abstract landscape. The reclining human figure would become a central theme in Moore's sculpture.

After graduating from the Royal College in 1924, he traveled and taught art and in 1928 was given his first one-man exhibition at the Warren Gallery in London. Appreciated by his fellow avant-garde artists but lacking a wider public audience, Moore taught to support himself as he continued to develop his art. His first major mature work was Reclining Figure in Wood (1936), a highly abstract depiction of the human form. That year, Moore was included in the "Cubism and Abstract Art" show at New York City's Museum of Modern Art, which became an important patron of the English artist.

During World War II, Moore's studio was damaged by bombs, and sculpture material was difficult to come by. He turned to drawing and as a commissioned war artist produced a series of drawings of Londoners huddled in the underground bomb shelters. The Shelter Drawings (1940) seemed to capture the spirit of the times and brought Moore his first great fame. In 1946, he was given a major retrospective by the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1948 he won the Grand Prize for Sculpture at the 24th Venice Biennale. From thereon, Moore's reputation was firmly established, and he began to receive major public commissions for sculptures in bronze and marble.

In addition to the reclining figure, other common themes of Moore's sculpture includes the mother and child, family groups, and fallen warriors. Among his major commissions were sculptures for UNESCO headquarters in Paris (1957-58), for Lincoln Center in New York City (1963-65), for the University of Chicago (1964-66), and for the East Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. (1978). For the last four decades of his life, he lived unostentatiously in a farmhouse in Much Hadham, 30 miles north of London. He died in 1986.

 

 

1619 First legislative assembly in America

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In Jamestown, Virginia, the first elected legislative assembly in the New World--the House of Burgesses--convenes in the choir of the town's church.

Earlier that year, the London Company, which had established the Jamestown settlement 12 years before, directed Virginia Governor Sir George Yeardley to summon a "General Assembly" elected by the settlers, with every free adult male voting. Twenty-two representatives from the 11 Jamestown boroughs were chosen, and Master John Pory was appointed the assembly's speaker. On July 30, the House of Burgesses (an English word for "citizens") convened for the first time. Its first law, which, like all of its laws, would have to be approved by the London Company, required tobacco to be sold for at least three shillings per pound. Other laws passed during its first six-day session included prohibitions against gambling, drunkenness, and idleness, and a measure that made Sabbath observance mandatory.

The creation of the House of Burgesses, along with other progressive measures, made Sir George Yeardley exceptionally popular among the colonists, and he served two terms as Virginia governor.

 

 

1966 England wins World Cup

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In the first televised World Cup soccer match, host-nation England beats Germany 4 to 2 to win the tournament final at Wembley Stadium. In overtime play, England's Geoff Hurst scored his second of three match goals to give Britain a 3 to 2 lead. In the dying seconds of overtime play, he scored his third goal, making the score 4 to 2 and handing England the Jules Rimet Trophy for the first time in the World Cup's 36-year history. English star Bobby Charlton was marked on the field by German Franz Beckenbauer, an emerging talent who held the English midfielder to no goals. Hurst's second goal later stirred considerable controversy when film footage suggested that it failed to cross the goal line after bouncing off the crossbar.

 

 

1974 Watergate affair approaches climax

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Under coercion from the U.S. Supreme Court, President Richard M. Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings--suspected to prove his guilt in the Watergate cover-up--to special prosecutor Leon Jaworski. The same day, the House Judiciary Committee voted a third article of impeachment against the president: contempt of Congress in hindering the impeachment process. The previous two impeachment articles voted against Nixon by the committee were obstruction of justice and abuse of presidential powers.

On June 17, 1972, five men, including a salaried security coordinator for President Nixon's reelection committee, were arrested for breaking into and illegally wiretapping the Democratic National Committee headquarters in Washington, D.C.'s Watergate complex. Soon after, two other former White House aides were implicated in the break-in, but the Nixon administration denied any involvement. Later that year, reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward of The Washington Post discovered a higher-echelon conspiracy surrounding the incident, and a political scandal of unprecedented magnitude erupted.

On May 17, 1973, the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities, headed by Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina, began televised proceedings on the rapidly escalating Watergate affair. One week later, Harvard Law professor Archibald Cox was sworn in as special Watergate prosecutor. During the Senate hearings, former White House legal counsel John Dean testified that the Watergate break-in had been approved by former Attorney General John Mitchell, with the knowledge of White House advisers John Ehrlichman and H.R. Haldeman, and that President Nixon had been aware of the cover-up. Meanwhile, Watergate prosecutor Cox and his staff began to uncover widespread evidence of political espionage by the Nixon re-election committee, illegal wiretapping of thousands of citizens by the administration, and contributions to the Republican Party in return for political favors.

In July, the existence of what were to be called the Watergate tapes--official recordings of White House conversations between Nixon and his staff--was revealed during the Senate hearings. Cox subpoenaed these tapes, and after three months of delay President Nixon agreed to send summaries of the recordings. Cox rejected the summaries, and Nixon fired him. His successor as special prosecutor, Leon Jaworski, leveled indictments against several high-ranking administration officials, including Mitchell and Dean, who were duly convicted.

Public confidence in the president rapidly waned, and by the end of July 1974 the House Judiciary Committee had adopted three articles of impeachment against President Nixon. On July 30, under coercion from the Supreme Court, Nixon finally released the Watergate tapes. On August 5, transcripts of the recordings were released, including a segment in which the president was heard instructing Haldeman to order the FBI to halt the Watergate investigation. Four days later, Nixon became the first president in U.S. history to resign. On September 8, his successor, President Gerald Ford, pardoned him from any criminal charges.

 

 

1985 Saturnine Workers

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The Saturn Corporation announced that their first plant would be built in Spring Hill, Tennessee, on this day in 1985. In 1982, General Motors (GM) initiated a small car project code-named Saturn. Once the design was set a new idea was posed--that Saturn should become a unique factory experiment. In January 1985, GM announced Saturn as a subsidiary to function with relative autonomy from other GM divisions. The first Saturn car was driven off the assembly line in 1990. The company announced its "Saturn Philosophy," detailing a unique attitude towards manufacturer-dealer-customer relations as well as providing for a labor contract with the United Auto Workers (UAW), separate from GM's existing contract, in which Saturn employees were to have direct input into the management of the company. Saturn was an attempt to break down the historically vertical management structure of U.S. car companies. After its release, Saturn scored high marks with J.D. Power and Associates rankings of quality by consumers, setting an historic trend of customer satisfaction for the company. In May 1993, Saturn had its first profitable month, and in 1995 Saturn enjoyed record sales, expanding its operation to Japan. After a successful three-year stretch, 1998 saw Saturn's first year-to-year sales decline, dropping 9.9% in volume from 1997. The auto manufacturer announced that operation would cease, in order to reorganize inventory and respond to the downturn. That same year saw Saturn's unique labor contract suffer. After a bitter, hard-fought feud within the union membership, Saturn workers voted overwhelmingly to retain their original UAW contract rather than adopt the master contract used at other GM auto plants. Just a few months later, Saturn workers went on strike, protesting that the automaker had failed to live up to its promise to give workers a voice in the plant's operation and strategy.

 

 

2003 Bugging Out

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The last “classic” Volkswagen Beetle rolled off the production line at VW’s Puebla, Mexico, plant on this day in 2003. The car, part of the 3,000-unit final edition, was sent to a museum in Wolfsburg, Germany, where Volkswagen is headquartered.

 

Ironically, the car that became a symbol of flower-power Hippies in the 1960s and inspired Disney’s Herbie the Love Bug has its roots in Nazi Germany. In the 1930s, Adolf Hitler commissioned a design from Ferdinand Porsche for an affordable, efficient “people’s car.” After World War II, the Beetle’s popularity began to grow internationally and by 2002 over 21 million cars had been produced.

 

In 1977, however, the Beetle, with its rear-mounted, air-cooled-engine, was banned in America for failing to meet safety and emission standards. Worldwide sales of the car shrank by the late 1970s and by 1988, the classic Beetle was sold only in Mexico. Volkswagen decided to discontinue production of the classic bug in 2003 due to increased competition from other manufacturers of inexpensive compact cars. However, this event did not mark the end of the Beetle. In 1998, Volkswagen introduced a redesigned “new” Beetle, which resembles the classic version but is based on the VW Golf; the car is popular in the U.S. and abroad.

 

 

1975 Summit meeting in Helsinki begins

 

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Thirty-five nations, called together by the United States and the Soviet Union, begin a summit meeting in Helsinki, Finland, to discuss some pressing international issues. The meeting temporarily revived the spirit of detente between the United States and Russia.

 

By 1975, the policy of detente--the lessening of tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union--was slowly deteriorating. Richard Nixon, under whose administration detente began, had resigned from office in disgrace in August 1974. The collapse of South Vietnam in April 1975 left many Americans worried that the U.S. was losing the Cold War. In an effort to reawaken the policy of detente, President Gerald Ford and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger joined with the Soviet Union in calling for a multination summit in Helsinki in July 1975. Officially known as the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the meeting was attended by the United States, the Soviet Union, Canada, and all European nations (except Albania, which continued to plot its own very independent, and confusing, foreign policy). On August 1, 1975, the summit attendees issued a "Final Act," outlining the broad agreements that had been reached at the conference. All signatories to the Final Act agreed to respect the state boundaries established after World War II and abide by the rule of international law. In addition, human rights were emphasized and all states agreed to protect the basic rights of their people. Finally, all nations agreed to pursue arms reduction treaties in the future.

 

The agreements reached at Helsinki gave a temporary jumpstart to the idea of detente, but in the years to come most aspects of the Final Act were disregarded or forgotten. Although the Soviet Union agreed to respect human rights, it savagely attacked human rights groups in Russia (known informally as the "Helsinki groups"). And discussion about arms reduction treaties disappeared and was not revived until the mid-1980s. On a positive note, however, the Helsinki agreements did establish a foundation for more fruitful U.S.-Soviet relations in later years. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev used the basic premises of the Final Act to pursue a number of diplomatic initiatives in the mid- and late-1980s, including dramatic breakthroughs in nuclear arms control.

 

 

1994 The death of a child spawns the birth of Megan's Law

 

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Jesse Timmendequas is charged with the murder of seven-year-old Megan Kanka in New Jersey. Kanka's death inspired Megan's Law, a statute enacted in 1994 requiring that information about convicted sex felons be available to the public. Versions of Megan's Law have been passed in many states since her murder.

 

Megan had last been seen riding her bike outside her home in West Windsor Township, New Jersey, on July 28. Her parents found her bike on the front lawn and immediately began to search for her. The following day, her body was discovered in Mercer County Park. Jesse Timmendequas, who lived across the street from Kanka and had two prior convictions for sexual assault, was arrested.

 

In the aftermath of this horrible crime, Megan's parents lobbied state legislators for a new law, arguing that if they had known about Timmendequas' background they would have been able to protect their daughter. New Jersey and several other states passed laws following the public outcry. A database of all types of sex offenders is now accessible through a 900 number and CD-ROMs at police stations around the state.

 

Yet problems have arisen from Megan's Law. Apparently inspired by the circulation of flyers describing his previous sexual offense, Michael Patton committed suicide in July 1998. In addition, homosexuals who were prosecuted years earlier for consensual sex with adults must be registered in this database. People in some communities have driven sex offenders out of town, often using violence and illegal means. Evidence as to the ability of Megan's Law to actually protect children or deter crime was inconclusive in the first few years of its enactment.

 

 

1936 Margaret Mitchell sells film rights to Gone With the Wind

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On this day in 1936, author Margaret Mitchell sells film rights for Gone With the Wind to MGM. Although film magnate David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures had expressed interest in the rights earlier in the year, he had balked at Mitchell's asking price of $50,000-more than any studio had ever paid for rights to a first novel. He gave in, however, just before the book was released, and the deal was finalized on July 30, 1936.

 

The book went on to win the Pulitzer Prize and become one of the best-selling novels of all time. The film, which took three years, three directors, and 15 screenwriters to create, became one of the most profitable in history.

 

Margaret Mitchell was born in Atlanta in 1900. She became a journalist, reporting for The Atlanta Journal from 1922 to 1926. She married in 1925 and stopped working after a foot injury. She spent the next 10 years writing and researching the antebellum South and the Civil War in order to create Gone With the Wind. The book broke publishing records, selling one million copies within six months and more than 12 million copies during the next three decades. Mitchell never tried writing a sequel to the book, but in 1988 her estate sold sequel rights to Warner Books for nearly $5 million. The sequel, Scarlett, by Alexandra Ripley, was published in 1991 and topped the best-seller list despite a chilly response from critics.

 

After Selznick purchased the book's film rights, he launched a nationwide search for an actress to play Scarlett O'Hara--the search lasted for more than a year. Meanwhile, he agreed to let MGM distribute the film in return for permission to use MGM's star, Clark Gable, as Rhett Butler. Filming on the movie began in December 1938, but the Scarlett role still hadn't been cast. British actress Vivien Leigh visited the set on the day filming began; by the end of the month, she was cast as Scarlett.

 

The film debuted in Atlanta on December 15, 1939, and became an instant hit. The film was nominated for more than a dozen Oscars and won nine, including Best Picture, Best Screenplay, Best Actress, and Best Supporting Actress (which went to Hattie McDaniel, the first black actress to win the award). The movie was digitally restored and the sound remastered for its 1998 re-release by New Line Pictures.

 

 

 

 

1932 Disney's first color cartoon

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Walt Disney releases his first cartoon in color. The cartoon, Flowers and Trees, was made in three-color Technicolor; Disney was the only studio that used the process for the next three years, because of an exclusive contract.

 

 

 

1976 Kate Smith's last performance

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Singing star and radio personality Kate Smith makes her last public appearance on this day in 1976. She sang her trademark number, "God Bless America," on a TV program honoring the U.S. Bicentennial. Smith launched her first radio show in 1931. From a 15-minute segment featuring Smith's singing, her program grew over the years to an hour-long variety show featuring music, drama, comedy, and human interest. The show launched performers like Abbott and Costello and introduced songs like Irving Berlin's "God Bless America," which Smith first sang on Armistice Day in 1938. Smith died in 1986.

 

 

Birthdates

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1511 Giorgio Vasari painter/architect/art historian (Vasari's Lives)

1818 Emily Bront‰ England, novelist (Wuthering Heights)

1855 James Edward Kelly US, sculptor "Sculptor of American History"

1857 Thorstein Veblen US, economist (Theory of the Leisure Class-1899)

1863 Henry Ford Dearborn Township, Mich, auto maker (Ford)

1880 Robert Rutherford McCormick US, editor/publisher Chicago Tribune

1887 Timothy Mara NFL owner (NY Giants)

1889 Vladimir Zworykin electronics engineer/inventor, father of TV

1890 Casey Stengel NY Yankee (1949-60) & 1st NY Met manager

1898 Henry Moore England, sculptor (Vertebrae)

1899 Gerald Moore England, pianist (Am I Too Loud)

19-- Ilene Kristen actress (Ryan's Hope)

19-- Lisa Mordente New Hyde Park NJ, actress (Teresa-Doc, Viva Valdez)

1909 Cyril Northcote Parkinson England, historian (Pursuit of Progress)

1921 Grant Johannesen Salt Lake City Ut, pianist (Ost‚nd 1st prize 1947)

1924 William Gass Fargo, ND, novelist, philosopher (Omensetter's Luck)

1925 Jacques Sernas Lithuana, actor (La Dolce Vita, Helen of Troy)

1929 Christine McGuire Middletown Oh singer (McGuire Sisters-Sugartime)

1929 Sid Kroft Athens Greece, puppeteer (Barbara Mandrell Show)

1931 Joan Vohs St Albans NY, actress (Fort Ti, Vice Squad, Sabrina)

1933 Edd "Kookie" Byrnes LA, actor (77 Sunset Strip, Jack the Ripper)

1934 Ben Piazza Ark, actor (Blues Brothers, Ben Casey, Dallas)

1936 Ralph Taeger Richmond Hill NY, actor (Klondike, Acapulco, Hondo)

1938 Vayachselav Ivanenko USSR, 50K walker (Olympic-gold-1988)

1939 Eleanor Smeal heads National Organization for Women

1939 Peter Bogdanovich director/producer (The Last Picture Show)

1940 Patricia Schroeder (Rep-D-Colo)

1940 Reva Rose Chicago Ill, actress (Temperature's Rising)

1941 Count Desmond (Edward Benjamin) Binghamton NY, sword swallower

1941 Paul Anka Ottawa Ontario, singer (Put Your Head on My Shoulder)

1945 David Sanborn saxophonist (David Letterman)

1947 Arnold Schwarzenegger Austria, body builder (Commando, Terminator)

1947 William Atherton Ct, actor (Real Genius, Ghostbusters, Class of 44)

1950 Frank Stallone NYC, actor (Barfly, Outlaw Force)

1954 Ken Olin Chicago Ill, actor (Hill St Blues, Michael-30 Something)

1956 Delta Burke Orlando Fla, actress (Suzanne-Designing Women)

1956 Phil Fearon rocker (Galaxy, Kandidate-I Don't Want to Lose You)

1957 Bill Cartwright basketball player (NY Knicks)

1957 Mark Tymchyshyn Minneapolis, actor (Gavin-As The World Turns)

1958 Daley Thomas London, Decathalete (Olympic-gold-1980, 1984)

1958 Kate Bush Plumstead England, singer/songwriter (Wild Things)

1958 Richard Burge actor (Another World)

1963 Monique Gabrielle LA Cal, actress (Bad Girls 4, Amazon Women on Moon)

1965 Tex Axile rocker (Transvision Vamp-Velveteen)

1975 Tifini Hale Palm Springs Calif, rocker (Party-Rodeo, That's Why)

 

 

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Deaths which occurred on July 30:

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1914 Jean Jaur‚s leading socialist, assassinated in Paris

1980 Charles McGraw actor (Michael-Falcon, Smith Family), dies at 66

1983 Howard Deitz MGM executive, dies at 86 of Parkinson's disease

1983 Lynn Fontanne Broadway's premier actresses, dies at 95

 

 

On this day...

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579 Benedict I ends his reign as Catholic Pope

657 St Vitalian begins his reign as Catholic Pope

1619 House of Burgesses Virginia formed, 1st elective US governing body

1729 City of Baltimore founded

1733 Society of Freemasons opens 1st American lodge in Boston

1792 500 Marseillaisian men sing France's national anthem for 1st time

1822 James Varick becomes 1st bishop of Afr Meth Episcopal Zion Church

1836 1st English newspaper published in Hawaii

1839 Slave rebels, take over slaver Amistad

1844 1st US yacht club organized, NY Yacht Club

1863 Pres Lincoln issues "eye-for-eye" order to shoot a rebel prisoner

for every black prisoner shot

1864 Petersburg Campaign-Battle of the Crater

1870 Staten Island ferry "Westfield" burns, killing 100

1874 1st baseball teams to play outside US, Boston-Phila in British Isles

1889 Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "The Naval Treaty" (BG)

1905 M Wolf discovers asteroid #570 Kythera

1908 Around the World Autombile Race ends in Paris

1909 John A Heyder becomes president of baseball's National League

1909 US Army accepts delivery of 1st military airplane

1911 J Palisa discovers asteroid #716 Berkeley

1913 Conclusion of the 2nd Balkan War

1916 G Neujmin discovers asteroid #951 Gaspra

1916 German saboteurs blow up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island, NJ

1922 K Reinmuth discovers asteroid #983 Gunila

1923 New Zealand claims Ross Dependency

1928 George Eastman demonstrates 1st color movie

1930 Uruguay beats Argentina 4-2 for soccer's 1st World Cup in Montevideo

1932 10th modern Olympic games opens in Los Angeles

1932 G Van Biesbroeck discovers asteroid #2253 Espinette

1937 Phillies Dolph Camilli, plays 1st base & registers no put outs

1938 C Jackson discovers asteroid #1467 Mashona

1942 FDR signs bill creating women's Navy auxiliary agency (WAVES)

1942 German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia

1943 Last Judy Garland-Mickey Rooney movie released (Girl Crazy)

1946 1st rocket attains 100 mi (167 km) altitude, White Sands, NM

1948 Professional wrestling premiers on prime-time network TV (DuMont)

1951 E L Johnson discovers asteroid #2718

1956 US motto "In God We Trust" authorized

1960 1st AFL preseason game Boston Patriots defeat Bills in Buffalo (28-7)

1962 AL beats NL 9-4 in 33rd All Star Game (Wrigley Field Chicago)

1965 LBJ signs Medicare bill, which went into effect following year

1966 Beatles' "Yesterday... & Today," album goes #1 & stays #1 for 5 weeks

1966 England beats West Germany 4-2 for soccer's 8th World Cup in London

1967 Race riot in Milwaukee (4 killed)

1968 Beatles' Apple Boutique closes, entire inventory is given away

1968 Wash Senator Ron Hansen makes 1st unassisted triple-play in 41 years

1969 Barbra Striesand opens for Liberace at International Hotel, Las Vegas

1970 30,000 attend Powder Ridge Rock Festival, Middlefield Ct

1970 Smirnova discover asteroid 1835 Gajdariya, 2032 Ethel & 2349 Kurchenko

1971 George Harrison releases "Bangladesh"

1971 Japanese Boeing 727 collides with an F-86 fighter killing 162

1971 US Apollo 15 lands on Mare Imbrium on the Moon

1973 Texas Ranger Jim Bibby no-hits Oakland A's, 6-0

1974 House of Reps recommends 3 articles of impeachment of Nixon

1975 Teamsters Pres Jimmy Hoffa disappears in suburban Detroit

1976 Japanese beat Russian for Olympic gold in woman's volleyball

1980 British New Hebrides becomes independent & takes name Vanuatu

1983 Official speed record for a piston-driven aircraft, 832 kph, Calif

1983 Weight lifter Sergei Didyk of USSR jerks a record 261 kg

1984 Alvenus tanker at Cameron La, spills 2.8 million gallons of oil

1984 Soap opera "Santa Barbara," premieres on NBC

1985 Discovery moves to Vandenberg AFB for mating of STS 51-I mission

1988 Cin Red pitcher John Franco sets a record of 13 saves in 1 month

1988 Ronald J Dossenbach begins world record ride, pedaling across Canada

from Vancouver BC, to Halifax, NS (13 days, 15 hr, 4 min)

1990 5 Bank of Credit & Commerce members found guilty of money

1990 George Steinbrenner is forced by Commissioner Fay Vincent to resign

as prinicipal partner of the NY Yankees

1991 MTV announces it will split into 3 channels in 1993

1991 Red Sox Carlos Quintana is 11th to get 6 RBIs in an inning (3rd)

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Holidays

Note: Some Holidays are only applicable on a given "day of the week"

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Cuba : Day of Martyrs of the Revolution

France : Marseillaise Day (1792)

Thailand : Asalha Puja

Virginia : Crater Day (1864)

Gilroy, California : Garlic Festival - - - - - ( Friday )

 

 

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Religious Observances

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Buddhist-Bhutan : Buddha's 1st preaching

Christ : Commemoration of SS Abdon & Sennen, martyrs

RC : Memorial of Peter Chrysologus, bishop & doctor

Ang : Commemoration of William Wilberforce

 

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Religious History

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1629 The Puritans of Salem, Mass. appointed Francis Higginson as their teacher and Samuel Skelton as their pastor. The church covenant, composed afterward by these two men,allowed into communion only those who could prove a sound doctrinal knowledge and anexperience of grace in their lives.

1718 Death of William Penn, 74, English Quaker and founder of American colony ofPennsylvania. Penn permitted in his colony all forms of public worship compatible withmonotheism and religious liberty.

1822 Pioneer church founder James Varick, 72, was consecrated the first bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church.

1956 By an act of Congress, signed by President Eisenhower, 'In God We Trust' became the official U.S. motto.

1976 Death of Rudolf Bultmann, 92, German Bible scholar and one of the three major pioneers of modern form 'criticism' (i.e., 'analysis') of the New Testament Gospels.

 

 

Music History

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1792 - The French national anthem "La Marseillaise" by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, was first sung in Paris.

 

1942 - Frank Sinatra recorded the last of 90 recordings with the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra.

 

1954 - Elvis Presley made his professional debut in Memphis. It was his first concert to be advertised.

 

1956 - Belinda Lee recorded her first hit, "Jambalaya" and "Bigelow 6-500."

 

1968 - The Beatles' Apple Boutique in London closed after heavy losses.

 

1970 - The Rolling Stones fired Allen Klein as their manager.

 

1987 - David Bowie played the first show of his "Glass Spider" tour in Philadelphia, PA.

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